Plan in Engineering Drawing Definition

This commodity is about diagrams or drawings. For artistic drawing, encounter Cartoon. For other types of plans, see Programme (disambiguation).

Plans are a ready of drawings or two-dimensional diagrams used to draw a place or object, or to communicate building or fabrication instructions. Usually plans are drawn or printed on paper, but they can accept the class of a digital file.

Plans are used in a range of fields: compages, urban planning, landscape compages, mechanical technology, civil applied science, industrial technology to systems engineering.

The term "program" may casually be used to refer to a unmarried view, sheet, or drawing in a set of plans. More specifically a plan view is an orthographic projection looking down on the object, such as in a floor plan.

Overview [edit]

Plans are frequently for technical purposes such as architecture, technology, or planning. Their purpose in these disciplines is to accurately and unambiguously capture all the geometric features of a site, building, production or component. Plans tin can also be for presentation or orientation purposes, and are often less detailed versions of the onetime. The end goal of plans is either to portray an existing place or object, or to convey plenty information to let a builder or manufacturer to realize a pattern.

The process of producing plans, and the skill of producing them, is oft referred to as technical cartoon. A working drawing is a type of technical drawing, which is function of the documentation needed to build an engineering science product or compages. Typically in architecture these could include civil drawings, architectural drawings, structural drawings, mechanical drawings, electrical drawings, and plumbing drawings. In technology, these drawings show all necessary data to manufacture a given object, such equally dimensions and angles.

Plan features [edit]

Format [edit]

Plans are oftentimes prepared in a "fix". The set includes all the information required for the purpose of the set, and may exclude views or projections which are unnecessary. A set of plans can be on standard part-sized newspaper or on large sheets. Information technology can be stapled, folded or rolled as required. A ready of plans can also accept the class of a digital file in a proprietary format such as DWG or an exchange file format such every bit DXF or PDF.

Plans are often referred to as "blueprints" or "bluelines". All the same, the terms are rapidly becoming an anachronism, since these copying methods accept mostly been superseded past reproduction processes that yield black or multicolour lines on white paper, or past electronic representations of data.

Scale [edit]

Plans are unremarkably "calibration drawings", pregnant that the plans are drawn at a specific ratio relative to the actual size of the place or object. Various scales may exist used for different drawings in a set. For example, a flooring programme may be drawn at 1:48 (or ane/iv"=ane'-0") whereas a detailed view may exist drawn at ane:24 (or 1/ii"=1'-0"). Site plans are oftentimes drawn at 1" = 20' (ane:240) or one" = 30' (one:360).

In the metric arrangement the ratios unremarkably are one:5, ane:10, 1:20, 1:fifty, one:100, 1:200, 1:500, 1:1000, one:2000 and i:5000

Views and projections [edit]

Symbols used to define whether a projection is either Third Angle (correct) or Outset Bending (left).

Because plans represent 3-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional plane, the use of views or projections is crucial to the legibility of plans. Each project is achieved by bold a vantage point from which to see the place or object, and a blazon of project. These projection types are:

Classification of Plan (drawing) and some 3D projections

• Parallel projection
  • Orthographic projection
    • Multiview projection, including:
      • Plan view or floor plan view
      • Elevation, usually a side view of an exterior
      • Department, a view of the interior at a detail cutting plane
    • Axonometric projection, including:
      • Isometric projection
      • Dimetric projection
      • Trimetric projection
  • Oblique projection, and
• Perspective projection, including:
  • Ane-bespeak perspective
  • Two-point perspective
  • Three-point perspective

Planning approach [edit]

There is no universal standard for sheet guild, however the following describes a common arroyo:

• General Information : The first sheets in a set may include notes, assembly descriptions, a rendering of the projection, or simply the project championship.
• Site : Site plans, including a central plan, announced before other plans and on smaller projects may exist on the starting time canvass. A project could require a mural plan, although this can be integrated with the site programme if the drawing remains clear.
• Specific plans : Floor plans, starting with the lowest floor and ending with the roof plan normally appear almost the kickoff of the set. Further, for case, reflected Ceiling Plans (RCP)s showing ceiling layouts appear afterward the flooring plans.
• Elevations : Starting with the principal, or front tiptop, all the building elevations announced afterwards the plans. Smaller residential projects may brandish the elevations before the plans. Elevation details may appear on the same sheets as the building elevations.
• Sections: Edifice sections that describe views cut through the entire building announced next, followed by wall sections, and then detail sections.
• Details: Details may appear on whatever of the previous sheets, or may be collected to appear on detail sheets. These details may include construction details that evidence how the components of the building fit together. These details may also include millwork drawings or other interior details.
• Schedules: Many aspects of a building must be listed every bit schedules on larger projects. These include schedules for windows, doors, wall or floor finishes, hardware, landscaping elements, rooms, and areas.

Where additional systems are complex and require many details for installation, specialized boosted plan drawings may exist used, such as:

• Structural: While smaller projects may only show structural information on the plans and sections, larger projects have separate sheets describing the structure of the building.
• Mechanical: Mechanical drawings show plumbing, heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, or fire protection systems.
• Electrical :Electric plan drawings may include equipment and cable tray layout, lighting and power, grounding, telephone, local area network, special communications or signal systems, or a reflected lighting plan.

See also [edit]

• Architectural drawing
• Blueprint
• Engineering cartoon
• Flooring plan
• Firm plan
• Plat

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_(drawing)

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